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In cryptography, a key-agreement protocol is a protocol whereby two or more parties can agree on a key in such a way that both influence the outcome. If properly done, this precludes undesired third parties from forcing a key choice on the agreeing parties. Protocols that are useful in practice also do not reveal to any eavesdropping party what key has been agreed upon.
Many key exchange systems have one party generate the key, and simply send that key to the other party—the other party has no influence on the key. Using a key-agreement protocol avoids some of the key distribution problems associated with such systems.
Protocols where both parties influence the final derived key are the only way to implement perfect forward secrecy.